Super Mario theme song w/ piezo buzzer and Arduino!
BY · 06/07/2014
This tutorial teaches you on how to play the Super Mario theme song by the use of Arduino and Piezo buzzer.
Hardware requirements:
- An Arduino
- Piezo buzzer
- 1 k ohm resistor(any resistor between 333 ohm to 1 k should be fine in this project)
- A breadboard
- Some breadboard cable(s)
Circuit:
Code:
/*
Arduino Mario Bros Tunes
With Piezo Buzzer and PWM
Connect the positive side of the Buzzer to pin 3,
then the negative side to a 1k ohm resistor. Connect
the other side of the 1 k ohm resistor to
ground(GND) pin on the Arduino.
by: Dipto Pratyaksa
last updated: 31/3/13
*/
/*************************************************
* Public Constants
*************************************************/
#define NOTE_B0 31
#define NOTE_C1 33
#define NOTE_CS1 35
#define NOTE_D1 37
#define NOTE_DS1 39
#define NOTE_E1 41
#define NOTE_F1 44
#define NOTE_FS1 46
#define NOTE_G1 49
#define NOTE_GS1 52
#define NOTE_A1 55
#define NOTE_AS1 58
#define NOTE_B1 62
#define NOTE_C2 65
#define NOTE_CS2 69
#define NOTE_D2 73
#define NOTE_DS2 78
#define NOTE_E2 82
#define NOTE_F2 87
#define NOTE_FS2 93
#define NOTE_G2 98
#define NOTE_GS2 104
#define NOTE_A2 110
#define NOTE_AS2 117
#define NOTE_B2 123
#define NOTE_C3 131
#define NOTE_CS3 139
#define NOTE_D3 147
#define NOTE_DS3 156
#define NOTE_E3 165
#define NOTE_F3 175
#define NOTE_FS3 185
#define NOTE_G3 196
#define NOTE_GS3 208
#define NOTE_A3 220
#define NOTE_AS3 233
#define NOTE_B3 247
#define NOTE_C4 262
#define NOTE_CS4 277
#define NOTE_D4 294
#define NOTE_DS4 311
#define NOTE_E4 330
#define NOTE_F4 349
#define NOTE_FS4 370
#define NOTE_G4 392
#define NOTE_GS4 415
#define NOTE_A4 440
#define NOTE_AS4 466
#define NOTE_B4 494
#define NOTE_C5 523
#define NOTE_CS5 554
#define NOTE_D5 587
#define NOTE_DS5 622
#define NOTE_E5 659
#define NOTE_F5 698
#define NOTE_FS5 740
#define NOTE_G5 784
#define NOTE_GS5 831
#define NOTE_A5 880
#define NOTE_AS5 932
#define NOTE_B5 988
#define NOTE_C6 1047
#define NOTE_CS6 1109
#define NOTE_D6 1175
#define NOTE_DS6 1245
#define NOTE_E6 1319
#define NOTE_F6 1397
#define NOTE_FS6 1480
#define NOTE_G6 1568
#define NOTE_GS6 1661
#define NOTE_A6 1760
#define NOTE_AS6 1865
#define NOTE_B6 1976
#define NOTE_C7 2093
#define NOTE_CS7 2217
#define NOTE_D7 2349
#define NOTE_DS7 2489
#define NOTE_E7 2637
#define NOTE_F7 2794
#define NOTE_FS7 2960
#define NOTE_G7 3136
#define NOTE_GS7 3322
#define NOTE_A7 3520
#define NOTE_AS7 3729
#define NOTE_B7 3951
#define NOTE_C8 4186
#define NOTE_CS8 4435
#define NOTE_D8 4699
#define NOTE_DS8 4978
#define melodyPin 3
//Mario main theme melody
int melody[] = {
NOTE_E7, NOTE_E7, 0, NOTE_E7,
0, NOTE_C7, NOTE_E7, 0,
NOTE_G7, 0, 0, 0,
NOTE_G6, 0, 0, 0,
NOTE_C7, 0, 0, NOTE_G6,
0, 0, NOTE_E6, 0,
0, NOTE_A6, 0, NOTE_B6,
0, NOTE_AS6, NOTE_A6, 0,
NOTE_G6, NOTE_E7, NOTE_G7,
NOTE_A7, 0, NOTE_F7, NOTE_G7,
0, NOTE_E7, 0, NOTE_C7,
NOTE_D7, NOTE_B6, 0, 0,
NOTE_C7, 0, 0, NOTE_G6,
0, 0, NOTE_E6, 0,
0, NOTE_A6, 0, NOTE_B6,
0, NOTE_AS6, NOTE_A6, 0,
NOTE_G6, NOTE_E7, NOTE_G7,
NOTE_A7, 0, NOTE_F7, NOTE_G7,
0, NOTE_E7, 0, NOTE_C7,
NOTE_D7, NOTE_B6, 0, 0
};
//Mario main them tempo
int tempo[] = {
12, 12, 12, 12,
12, 12, 12, 12,
12, 12, 12, 12,
12, 12, 12, 12,
12, 12, 12, 12,
12, 12, 12, 12,
12, 12, 12, 12,
12, 12, 12, 12,
9, 9, 9,
12, 12, 12, 12,
12, 12, 12, 12,
12, 12, 12, 12,
12, 12, 12, 12,
12, 12, 12, 12,
12, 12, 12, 12,
12, 12, 12, 12,
9, 9, 9,
12, 12, 12, 12,
12, 12, 12, 12,
12, 12, 12, 12,
};
//Underworld melody
int underworld_melody[] = {
NOTE_C4, NOTE_C5, NOTE_A3, NOTE_A4,
NOTE_AS3, NOTE_AS4, 0,
0,
NOTE_C4, NOTE_C5, NOTE_A3, NOTE_A4,
NOTE_AS3, NOTE_AS4, 0,
0,
NOTE_F3, NOTE_F4, NOTE_D3, NOTE_D4,
NOTE_DS3, NOTE_DS4, 0,
0,
NOTE_F3, NOTE_F4, NOTE_D3, NOTE_D4,
NOTE_DS3, NOTE_DS4, 0,
0, NOTE_DS4, NOTE_CS4, NOTE_D4,
NOTE_CS4, NOTE_DS4,
NOTE_DS4, NOTE_GS3,
NOTE_G3, NOTE_CS4,
NOTE_C4, NOTE_FS4, NOTE_F4, NOTE_E3, NOTE_AS4, NOTE_A4,
NOTE_GS4, NOTE_DS4, NOTE_B3,
NOTE_AS3, NOTE_A3, NOTE_GS3,
0, 0, 0
};
//Underwolrd tempo
int underworld_tempo[] = {
12, 12, 12, 12,
12, 12, 6,
3,
12, 12, 12, 12,
12, 12, 6,
3,
12, 12, 12, 12,
12, 12, 6,
3,
12, 12, 12, 12,
12, 12, 6,
6, 18, 18, 18,
6, 6,
6, 6,
6, 6,
18, 18, 18, 18, 18, 18,
10, 10, 10,
10, 10, 10,
3, 3, 3
};
void setup(void)
{
pinMode(3, OUTPUT);//buzzer
pinMode(13, OUTPUT);//led indicator when singing a note
}
void loop()
{
//sing the tunes
sing(1);
sing(1);
sing(2);
}
int song = 0;
void sing(int s) {
// iterate over the notes of the melody:
song = s;
if (song == 2) {
Serial.println(" 'Underworld Theme'");
int size = sizeof(underworld_melody) / sizeof(int);
for (int thisNote = 0; thisNote < size; thisNote++) {
// to calculate the note duration, take one second
// divided by the note type.
//e.g. quarter note = 1000 / 4, eighth note = 1000/8, etc.
int noteDuration = 1000 / underworld_tempo[thisNote];
buzz(melodyPin, underworld_melody[thisNote], noteDuration);
// to distinguish the notes, set a minimum time between them.
// the note's duration + 30% seems to work well:
int pauseBetweenNotes = noteDuration * 1.30;
delay(pauseBetweenNotes);
// stop the tone playing:
buzz(melodyPin, 0, noteDuration);
}
} else {
Serial.println(" 'Mario Theme'");
int size = sizeof(melody) / sizeof(int);
for (int thisNote = 0; thisNote < size; thisNote++) {
// to calculate the note duration, take one second
// divided by the note type.
//e.g. quarter note = 1000 / 4, eighth note = 1000/8, etc.
int noteDuration = 1000 / tempo[thisNote];
buzz(melodyPin, melody[thisNote], noteDuration);
// to distinguish the notes, set a minimum time between them.
// the note's duration + 30% seems to work well:
int pauseBetweenNotes = noteDuration * 1.30;
delay(pauseBetweenNotes);
// stop the tone playing:
buzz(melodyPin, 0, noteDuration);
}
}
}
void buzz(int targetPin, long frequency, long length) {
digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
long delayValue = 1000000 / frequency / 2; // calculate the delay value between transitions
//// 1 second's worth of microseconds, divided by the frequency, then split in half since
//// there are two phases to each cycle
long numCycles = frequency * length / 1000; // calculate the number of cycles for proper timing
//// multiply frequency, which is really cycles per second, by the number of seconds to
//// get the total number of cycles to produce
for (long i = 0; i < numCycles; i++) { // for the calculated length of time...
digitalWrite(targetPin, HIGH); // write the buzzer pin high to push out the diaphram
delayMicroseconds(delayValue); // wait for the calculated delay value
digitalWrite(targetPin, LOW); // write the buzzer pin low to pull back the diaphram
delayMicroseconds(delayValue); // wait again or the calculated delay value
}
digitalWrite(13, LOW);
}
Done!
Enjoy the Super Mario theme song :D
Original post:
http://www.linuxcircle.com/2013/03/31/playing-mario-bros-tune-with-arduino-and-piezo-buzzer/
http://www.linuxcircle.com/2013/03/31/playing-mario-bros-tune-with-arduino-and-piezo-buzzer/
making a sound or music requires a notes, how did you produce the sound? computing the frequency? how?
ReplyDeleteFrequency is the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit time.[1] It is also referred to as temporal frequency, which emphasizes the contrast to spatial frequency and angular frequency.(wikipedia)
DeleteThe hertz (symbol Hz) is the unit of frequency in the International System of Units (SI) and is defined as one cycle per second. It is named for Heinrich Rudolf Hertz, the first person to provide conclusive proof of the existence of electromagnetic waves.(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hertz)
Arduino has a library that reads frequency in hertz. This library generates a square wave of the specified frequency that the buzzer or speaker to generate sounds.
to see the equivalent frequency in hertz of the musical notes
click/go the link below:
https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B3dcTOdj4Wo2OFhTLXJsejRDSVE
thank you it helps me a lot :D
DeleteIs it possible to use two buzzers that will alter the sound from one buzzer to the other buzzer?
ReplyDeleteyes it is possible to use two buzzers in one arduino module, there is a third-party tone library. This library ables you to play multiple simultaneous tones.
Deletehttps://code.google.com/archive/p/rogue-code/wikis/ToneLibraryDocumentation.wiki
What is Piezzo buzzer? Can we use another buzzer to run this program? And why did you use Piezzo buzzer aside from other buzzers that is available in the market?
ReplyDeletePiezzo buzzer is a commonly found in your computer hardware. yes you can also use another buzzer, in this tutorial it uses piezzo buzzer beacuse this type of buzzer is very cheap to purchase and easily to find in any electonic shop.
DeleteHow is the Piezzo buzzer working? What application do we need to program the tune?
ReplyDeletePiezzo buzzers use the inverse piezoelectric principle to create movement of a ceramic disc to produce sound waves. The buzzer includes a built-in oscillating circuit. Piezzo buzzers operate over a wide temperature range and create noises ranging from soft and gentle to loud and aggressive.
Deletethere is a lot of programming languange that you can use to program an IC or a Micro-controllers such as: MikroC, Arduino and etc.. In this tutorial it uses arduino language
I am not familiar with Arduino, Sir Marco.
ReplyDeleteWhat does Define Note mean?
What is the significance of the numbers and letters after define note?
(e.g. BO 31 in #define NOTE_B0 31)
#define is an identifier or parameterized identifier with a token string. the defined numbers is equivalent in notes and frequency for example:
ReplyDeletethe NOTE B0 is equivalent in frequency in hertz as 31.